Type's of Pc's...........

Types of PC's

There are a lot of terms used to describe computers. Most of these words
imply the size, expected use or capability of the computer. While the
term computer can apply to virtually any device that has a
microprocessor in it, most people think of a computer as a device that
receives input from the user through a mouse or keyboard, processes it
in some fashion and displays the result on a screen.

* PC - The personal computer (PC) defines a computer designed for
general use by a single person. While a Mac is a PC, most people relate
the term with systems that run the Windows operating system. PCs were
first known as microcomputers because they were a complete computer but
built on a smaller scale than the huge systems in use by most
businesses.

* Desktop - A PC that is not designed for portability. The expectation
with desktop systems are that you will set the computer up in a
permanent location. Most desktops offer more power, storage and
versatility for less cost than their portable brethren.

* Laptop - Also called notebookslaptops are portable computers that
integrate the display, keyboard, a pointing device or trackball,
processor, memory and hard drive all in a battery-operated package
slightly larger than an average hardcover book.

* Palmtop- More commonly known as Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs),
palmtops are tightly integrated computers that often use flash memory
instead of a hard drive for storage. These computers usually do not have
keyboards but rely on touchscreen technology for user input. Palmtops
are typically smaller than a paperback novel, very lightweight with a
reasonable battery life. A slightly larger and heavier version of the
palmtop is the handheld computer.

* Workstation - A desktop computer that has a more powerful processor,
additional memory and enhanced capabilities for performing a special
group of task, such as 3D Graphics or game development.

* Server - A computer that has been optimized to provide services to
other computers over a network. Servers usually have powerful
processors, lots of memory and large hard drives.

* Mainframe - In the early days of computing, mainframes were huge
computers that could fill an entire room or even a whole floor! As the
size of computers has diminished while the power has increased, the term
mainframe has fallen out of use in favor of enterprise server. You'll
still hear the term used, particularly in large companies to describe
the huge machines processing millions of transactions every day.

* Minicomputer - Another term rarely used anymore, minicomputers fall in
between microcomputers (PCs) and mainframes (enterprise servers).
Minicomputers are normally referred to as mid-range servers now.

* Supercomputer - This type of computer usually costs hundreds of
thousands or even millions of dollars. Although some supercomputers are
single computer systems, most are comprised of multiple high performance
computers working in parallel as a single system. The best known
supercomputers are built by Cray Supercomputers.

* Wearable - The latest trend in computing is wearable computers.
Essentially, common computer applications (e-mail, database, multimedia,
calendar/scheduler) are integrated into watches, cell phones, visors and
even clothing!

How to Bypass BIOS Passwords........

How to Bypass BIOS Passwords

BIOS passwords can add an extra layer of security for desktop and laptop
computers. They are used to either prevent a user from changing the BIOS
settings or to prevent the PC from booting without a password.
Unfortunately, BIOS passwords can also be a liability if a user forgets
their password, or changes the password to intentionally lock out the
corporate IT department. Sending the unit back to the manufacturer to
have the BIOS reset can be expensive and is usually not covered in the
warranty. Never fear, all is not lost. There are a few known backdoors
and other tricks of the trade that can be used to bypass or reset the
BIOS

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Backdoor passwords

Many BIOS manufacturers have provided backdoor passwords that can be
used to access the BIOS setup in the event you have lost your password.
These passwords are case sensitive, so you may wish to try a variety of
combinations. Keep in mind that the key associated to "_" in the US
keyboard corresponds to "?" in some European keyboards. Laptops
typically have better BIOS security than desktop systems, and we are not
aware of any backdoor passwords that will work with name brand laptops.

WARNING: Some BIOS configurations will lock you out of the system
completely if you type in an incorrect password more than 3 times. Read
your manufacturers documentation for the BIOS setting before you begin
typing in passwords

Award BIOS backdoor passwords:

ALFAROME ALLy aLLy aLLY ALLY aPAf _award AWARD_SW AWARD?SW AWARD SW
AWARD PW AWKWARD awkward BIOSTAR CONCAT CONDO Condo d8on djonet HLT J64
J256 J262 j332 j322 KDD Lkwpeter LKWPETER PINT pint SER SKY_FOX SYXZ
syxz shift + syxz TTPTHA ZAAADA ZBAAACA ZJAAADC 01322222
589589 589721 595595 598598

AMI BIOS backdoor passwords:

AMI AAAMMMIII BIOS PASSWORD HEWITT RAND AMI?SW AMI_SW LKWPETER A.M.I.
CONDO

PHOENIX BIOS backdoor passwords:

phoenix, PHOENIX, CMOS, BIOS

MISC. COMMON PASSWORDS

ALFAROME BIOSTAR biostar biosstar CMOS cmos LKWPETER lkwpeter setup
SETUP Syxz Wodj

OTHER BIOS PASSWORDS BY MANUFACTURER

Manufacturer Password
VOBIS & IBM merlin
Dell Dell
Biostar Biostar
Compaq Compaq
Enox xo11nE
Epox central
Freetech Posterie
IWill iwill
Jetway spooml
Packard Bell bell9
QDI QDI
Siemens SKY_FOX
TMC BIGO
Toshiba Toshiba

TOSHIBA BIOS

Most Toshiba laptops and some desktop systems will bypass the BIOS
password if the left shift key is held down during boot

IBM APTIVA BIOS

Press both mouse buttons repeatedly during the boot

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Password cracking software

The following software can be used to either crack or reset the BIOS on
many chipsets. If your PC is locked with a BIOS administrator password
that will not allow access to the floppy drive, these utilities may not
work. Also, since these utilities do not come from the manufacturer, use
them cautiously and at your own risk.

Cmos password recovery tools 3.1
!BIOS (get the how-to article)
RemPass
KILLCMOS

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Using the Motherboard "Clear CMOS" Jumper or Dipswitch settings

Many motherboards feature a set of jumpers or dipswitches that will
clear the CMOS and wipe all of the custom settings including BIOS
passwords. The locations of these jumpers / dipswitches will vary
depending on the motherboard manufacturer and ideally you should always
refer to the motherboard or computer manufacturers documentation. If the
documentation is unavailable, the jumpers/dipswitches can sometimes be
found along the edge of the motherboard, next to the CMOS battery, or
near the processor. Some manufacturers may label the jumper / dipswitch
CLEAR - CLEAR CMOS - CLR - CLRPWD - PASSWD - PASSWORD - PWD. On laptop
computers, the dipswitches are usually found under the keyboard or
within a compartment at the bottom of the laptop.
Please remember to unplug your PC and use a grounding strip before
reaching into your PC and touching the motherboard. Once you locate and
rest the jumper switches, turn the computer on and check if the password
has been cleared. If it has, turn the computer off and return the
jumpers or dipswitches to its original position.

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Removing the CMOS Battery

The CMOS settings on most systems are buffered by a small battery that
is attached to the motherboard. (It looks like a small watch battery).
If you unplug the PC and remove the battery for 10-15 minutes, the CMOS
may reset itself and the password should be blank. (Along with any other
machine specific settings, so be sure you are familiar with manually
reconfiguring the BIOS settings before you do this.) Some manufacturers
backup the power to the CMOS chipset by using a capacitor, so if your
first attempt fails, leave the battery out (with the system unplugged)
for at least 24 hours. Some batteries are actually soldered onto the
motherboard making this task more difficult. Unsoldering the battery
incorrectly may damage your motherboard and other components, so please
don't attempt this if you are inexperienced. Another option may be to
remove the CMOS chip from the motherboard for a period of time.
Note: Removing the battery to reset the CMOS will not work for all PC's,
and almost all of the newer laptops store their BIOS passwords in a
manner which does not require continuous power, so removing the CMOS
battery may not work at all. IBM Thinkpad laptops lock the hard drive as
well as the BIOS when the supervisor password is set. If you reset the
BIOS password, but cannot reset the hard drive password, you may not be
able to access the drive and it will remain locked, even if you place it
in a new laptop. IBM Thinkpads have special jumper switches on the
motherboard, and these should be used to reset the system.

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Overloading the KeyBoard Buffer

On some older computer systems, you can force the CMOS to enter its
setup screen on boot by overloading the keyboard buffer. This can be
done by booting with the keyboard or mouse unattached to the systems, or
on some systems by hitting the ESC key over 100 times in rapid
succession.

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Jumping the Solder Beads on the CMOS

It is also possible to reset the CMOS by connecting or "jumping"
specific solder beads on the chipset. There are too many chipsets to do
a breakdown of which points to jump on individual chipsets, and the
location of these solder beads can vary by manufacturer, so please check
your computer and motherboard documentation for details. This technique
is not recommended for the inexperienced and should be only be used as a
"last ditch" effort.

Change the IE Browser Title

Change the Browser Title

This tweak Customize the Title of the Internet Explorer.

1. Click Start > Run > Type gpedit.msc
2. Click User Configuration > Windows Setting > Internet Explorer
Maintenance > Browser User Interface
3. Double click on Browser Title
4. Click on Customize Title Bars
5. type in whatever you want
6. Click OK

Now you changed the title of your browser and you sure see what you
wrote when you open a New Window